Gravitational Bose-Einstein condensation in the kinetic regime

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that gravitational interactions can lead to Bose-Einstein condensation and Bose star formation in dark matter halos, providing a kinetic theory framework and implications for dark matter models like axions and Fuzzy Dark Matter.

Contribution

It introduces a kinetic equation approach to describe gravitational Bose-Einstein condensation in dark matter halos, including an expression for condensation time and relevance to mainstream dark matter models.

Findings

Bose stars can form kinetically in dark matter halos.

The process is governed by a universal kinetic equation.

Implications for axion and Fuzzy Dark Matter models.

Abstract

We study Bose-Einstein condensation and formation of Bose stars in the virialized dark matter halos/miniclusters by universal gravitational interactions. We prove that this phenomenon does occur and it is described by kinetic equation. We give expression for the condensation time. Our results suggest that Bose stars may form kinetically in the mainstream dark matter models such as invisible QCD axions and Fuzzy Dark Matter.