Non-tangential limits and the slope of trajectories of holomorphic semigroups of the unit disc

TL;DR

This paper investigates the boundary behavior of holomorphic semigroups in the unit disk, establishing conditions for non-tangential convergence of trajectories and analyzing the slope of these trajectories using hyperbolic geometry and Gromov's theory.

Contribution

It provides new criteria for non-tangential convergence of trajectories of holomorphic semigroups and introduces localization results for hyperbolic distance, including an example of oscillating convergence.

Findings

Non-tangential convergence characterized by hyperbolic neighborhoods

Semigroups with certain geometric conditions converge non-tangentially

Existence of oscillating trajectories with non-singleton slopes

Abstract

Let $\Delta\subsetneq \mathbb C$ be a simply connected domain, let $f:\mathbb D \to \Delta$ be a Riemann map and let $\{z_k\}\subset \Delta$ be a compactly divergent sequence. Using Gromov's hyperbolicity theory, we show that $\{f^{-1}(z_k)\}$ converges non-tangentially to a point of $\partial \mathbb D$ if and only if there exists a simply connected domain $U\subsetneq \mathbb C$ such that $\Delta\subset U$ and $\Delta$ contains a tubular hyperbolic neighborhood of a geodesic of $U$ and $\{z_k\}$ is eventually contained in a smaller tubular hyperbolic neighborhood of the same geodesic. As a consequence we show that if $(\phi_t)$ is a non-elliptic semigroup of holomorphic self-maps of $\mathbb D$ with K\"onigs function $h$ and $h(\mathbb D)$ contains a vertical Euclidean sector, then $\phi_t(z)$ converges to the Denjoy-Wolff point non-tangentially for every $z\in \mathbb D$ as $t\to +\infty$. Using new localization results for the hyperbolic distance, we also construct an example of a parabolic semigroup which converges non-tangentially to the Denjoy-Wolff point but oscillating, in the sense that the slope of the trajectories is not a single point.