Mutually Uncorrelated Codes for DNA Storage

TL;DR

This paper investigates the properties, constructions, and extensions of Mutually Uncorrelated (MU) codes, focusing on their application in DNA storage, including error correction, balancing, and synchronization features.

Contribution

It introduces new constructions and analyses for MU codes with error correction, balancing, and run-length constraints, advancing their practical applicability in DNA data storage.

Findings

Efficient algorithms for run-length limited MU codes.

Nearly optimal constructions for (d_h,d_m)-MU codes with error correction.

Connections established between MU codes and comma-free/prefix synchronized codes.

Abstract

Mutually Uncorrelated (MU) codes are a class of codes in which no proper prefix of one codeword is a suffix of another codeword. These codes were originally studied for synchronization purposes and recently, Yazdi et al. showed their applicability to enable random access in DNA storage. In this work we follow the research of Yazdi et al. and study MU codes along with their extensions to correct errors and balanced codes. We first review a well known construction of MU codes and study the asymptotic behavior of its cardinality. This task is accomplished by studying a special class of run-length limited codes that impose the longest run of zeros to be at most some function of the codewords length. We also present an efficient algorithm for this class of constrained codes and show how to use this analysis for MU codes. Next, we extend the results on the run-length limited codes in order to study $(d_h,d_m)$-MU codes that impose a minimum Hamming distance of $d_h$ between different codewords and $d_m$ between prefixes and suffixes. In particular, we show an efficient construction of these codes with nearly optimal redundancy. We also provide similar results for the edit distance and balanced MU codes. Lastly, we draw connections to the problems of comma-free and prefix synchronized codes.