Decay of weakly charged solutions for the spherically symmetric Maxwell-Charged-Scalar-Field equations on a Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m exterior space-time

TL;DR

This paper proves that solutions to the Maxwell-Charged-Scalar-Field equations on a Reissner-Nordström background decay over time, especially for small charge, contributing to understanding black hole stability and cosmic censorship.

Contribution

It establishes decay rates for solutions with small charge, approaching optimal decay, and advances the study of black hole stability in Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar models.

Findings

Solutions are bounded and decay polynomially over time.

Decay estimates are nearly optimal as charge approaches zero.

Results support the stability analysis of Reissner-Nordström black holes.

Abstract

We consider the Cauchy problem for the (non-linear) Maxwell-Charged-Scalar-Field equations with spherically symmetric initial data, on a sub-extremal Reissner--Nordstr\"{o}m or Schwarzschild exterior space-time. We prove that the solutions are bounded and decay at an inverse polynomial rate towards time-like infinity and along the black hole event horizon, provided the charge of the Maxwell equation is sufficiently small. This condition is in particular satisfied for small data in energy space that enjoy a sufficient decay towards the asymptotically flat end. Some of the decay estimates we prove are arbitrarily close to the conjectured optimal rate in the limit where the charge tends to zero, according the heuristics present in the physics literature. Our result can also be interpreted as a first step towards the stability of Reissner--Nordstr\"{o}m black holes for the gravity coupled Einstein--Maxwell-Charged-Scalar-Field model. This problem is closely connected to the understanding of strong cosmic censorship and charged gravitational collapse in this setting.