Falling Toward Charged Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper uses the momentum-size relation to analyze operator growth and scrambling in near-extremal charged black holes, providing new insights into the role of extremal and non-extremal entropy in quantum chaos.

Contribution

It applies the momentum-size correspondence to charged black holes, offering a novel interpretation of scrambling and resolving a paradox related to extremal entropy.

Findings

The momentum-size relation accurately describes operator growth in charged black holes.

Scrambling involves both extremal and non-extremal entropy, contrary to previous beliefs.

The buildup of momentum explains the scrambling behavior in the Reissner-Nordstrom geometry.

Abstract

The growth of the "size" of operators is an important diagnostic of quantum chaos. In arXiv:1802.01198 [hep-th] it was conjectured that the holographic dual of the size is proportional to the average radial component of the momentum of the particle created by the operator. Thus the growth of operators in the background of a black hole corresponds to the acceleration of the particle as it falls toward the horizon. In this note we will use the momentum-size correspondence as a tool to study scrambling in the field of a near-extremal charged black hole. The agreement with previous work provides a non-trivial test of the momentum-size relation, as well as an explanation of a paradoxical feature of scrambling previously discovered by Leichenauer [arXiv:1405.7365 [hep-th]]. Naively Leichenauer's result says that only the non-extremal entropy participates in scrambling. The same feature is also present in the SYK model. In this paper we find a quite different interpretation of Leichenauer's result which does not have to do with any decoupling of the extremal degrees of freedom. Instead it has to do with the buildup of momentum as a particle accelerates through the long throat of the Reissner-Nordstrom geometry.