Radiation Pressure Quantization

TL;DR

This paper predicts a universal quantization phenomenon in radiation pressure affecting Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing a step-like flux response tied to the particles' internal quantum states.

Contribution

It introduces a microscopic theory of radiation pressure quantization applicable to systems with Bose-Einstein condensates and internal quantum structures.

Findings

Flux of particles shows step-like behavior with electromagnetic frequency.

Quantization is linked to the internal energy structure of particles.

Response becomes quantized in the presence of a condensate.

Abstract

Kepler's observation of comets tails initiated the research on the radiation pressure of celestial objects and 250 years later they found new incarnation after the Maxwell's equations were formulated to describe a plethora of light-matter coupling phenomena. Further, quantum mechanics gave birth to the photon drag effect. Here, we predict a novel universal phenomenon which can be referred to as quantization of the radiation pressure. We develop a microscopic theory of this effect which can be applied to a general system containing Bose-Einstein-condensed particles, which possess an internal structure of quantum states. By analyzing the response of the system to an external electromagnetic field we find that such drag results in a flux of particles constituting both the condensate and the excited states. We show that in the presence of the condensed phase, the response of the system becomes quantized which manifests itself in a step-like behavior of the particle flux as a function of electromagnetic field frequency with the elementary quantum determined by the internal energy structure of the particles.