Gauged $U(1)$ Clockwork

TL;DR

This paper reviews gauged $U(1)$ clockwork models that generate hierarchical couplings for the Standard Model via localized gauge bosons, offering new physics portals with potential applications beyond the Standard Model.

Contribution

It introduces the gauged $U(1)$ clockwork framework, explaining how mass mixing localizes gauge bosons and creates effective hierarchies in couplings, with examples beyond the Standard Model.

Findings

Localization of zero mode gauge boson achieved through nearest-neighbor mass mixing.

Gauged $U(1)$ clockwork can produce millicharged gauge bosons.

Potential applications for new physics beyond the Standard Model.

Abstract

We review the gauged $U(1)$ clockwork models as portals for new physics to obtain effectively hierarchical couplings of the Standard Model (SM) particles from genuine couplings of order one. Nearest-neighbor mass mixing between multiple $U(1)$ gauge bosons lead to the localization of the zero mode gauge boson, realizing the milicharged gauge boson in the effective theory. We discuss some of interesting examples utilizing the gauged clockwork beyond the SM.