Anisotropic equation of state of charged and neutral vector boson gases in a constant magnetic field. Astrophysical implications

TL;DR

This paper derives the anisotropic equations of state for charged and neutral vector boson gases in magnetic fields, highlighting implications for astrophysical objects like magnetized boson stars and their stability.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed calculation of anisotropic pressures and equations of state for vector boson gases in magnetic fields, with astrophysical applications.

Findings

Pressures are anisotropic due to magnetic field effects.

Conditions for negative perpendicular pressure and star stability.

Potential existence of magnetized boson stars.

Abstract

We obtain the pressures and equations of state (EoS) of charged and neutral vector boson gases in a constant magnetic field. The axial symmetry imposed to the system by the field splits the pressures in the parallel and perpendicular directions along the magnetic axis, and this leads to anisotropic equations of state. The values of pressures and energy densities are in the order of those of Fermi gases in compact objects. This opens the possibility to the existence of magnetized boson stars. Under certain conditions, the perpendicular pressure might be negative imposing a bound to the stability of the star. Other implications of negative pressures are also discussed.