Correlations and Event-by-Event Fluctuations in High Multiplicity Events Produced in $^{208}$Pb-$^{208}$Pb Collisions

TL;DR

This paper investigates event-by-event fluctuations in high multiplicity lead-lead collisions, demonstrating that scaled factorial moments can identify events with significant dynamical fluctuations and complex correlations.

Contribution

It introduces the use of scaled factorial moments as an effective method to trigger and analyze events with large dynamical fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

Scaled factorial moments identify events with dense phase space regions.

Selected events show large fluctuations in pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle.

Two-particle correlation analysis reveals complex structures with dynamical origins.

Abstract

Analysis of high multiplicity events produced in 158A GeV/c $^{208}$Pb-$^{208}$Pb collisions is carried out to study the event-by-event fluctuations. The findings reveal that the method of scaled factorial moments can be used to identify the events having densely populated narrow phase space bins. A few events sorted out adopting this approach are individually analyzed. It is observed that these events do exhibit large fluctuations in their pseudorapidity, $\eta$ and azimuthal angle, $\phi$ distributions arising out due to some dynamical reasons. Two particle $\Delta\eta$-$\Delta\phi$ correlation study applied to these events too indicates that some complex two-dimensional structure of significantly high magnitude are present in these events which might have some dynamical origin. The findings reveal that the method of scaled factorial moments may be used as an effective triggering for events with large dynamical fluctuations.