Nuclear parton density functions from dijet photoproduction at the EIC

TL;DR

This paper explores how future electron-ion collider measurements of dijet photoproduction can significantly improve our understanding of nuclear parton distribution functions, especially for various nuclei, using advanced QCD calculations.

Contribution

It demonstrates the potential of EIC dijet measurements to refine nuclear PDFs beyond current constraints from existing data, using NLO and approximate NNLO calculations.

Findings

EIC can extend the kinematic reach for nuclear PDFs.

EIC measurements can significantly reduce uncertainties in nuclear PDFs.

Different nuclei show varying levels of PDF modification.

Abstract

We study the potential of dijet photoproduction measurements at a future electron-ion collider (EIC) to better constrain our present knowledge of the nuclear parton distribution functions. Based on theoretical calculations at next-to-leading order and approximate next-to-next-to-leading order of perturbative QCD, we establish the kinematic reaches for three different EIC designs, the size of the parton density function modifications for four different light and heavy nuclei from He-4 over C-12 and Fe-56 to Pb-208 with respect to the free proton, and the improvement of EIC measurements with respect to current determinations from deep-inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan data alone and when also considering data from existing hadron colliders.