Modeling Aurora Type Phenomena by Short Wave-Long Wave Interactions in Multi-Dimensional Large MHD Flows

TL;DR

This paper proves the convergence of an approximation scheme for a complex model describing aurora phenomena, involving short wave-long wave interactions in large-scale compressible MHD flows with potential vacuum conditions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approximation scheme that handles vacuum and large amplitude data, establishing convergence to the coupled SW-LW MHD system with nonlinear Schrödinger equations.

Findings

Established convergence of the approximation scheme.

Handled vacuum conditions in large amplitude MHD flows.

Unified the coupled SW-LW system in a rigorous mathematical framework.

Abstract

We establish the convergence of an approximation scheme to a model for aurora type phenomena. The latter, mathematically, means a system describing the short wave-long wave (SW-LW) interactions for compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows, introduced in a previous work, which presents short waves, governed by a nonlinear Schr\"odinger (NLS) equation based on the Lagrangian coordinates of the fluid, and long waves, governed by the compressible MHD system. The NLS equation and the compressible MHD system are also explicitly coupled by an interaction potential in the NLS equation and an interaction surface force in the momentum equation of the MHD system, both multiplied by a small coefficient. Since the compressible MHD flow is assumed to have large amplitude data, possibly forming vacuum, the coefficient of the interaction terms may be taken as zero, due to the large difference in scale between the two types of waves. In this case, the whole coupling lies in the Lagrangian coordinates of the compressible MHD fluid upon which the NLS equation is formulated. However, due to the possible occurrence of vacuum, these Lagrangian coordinates are not well defined, and herein lies the importance of the approximation scheme. The latter consists of a system that formally approximates the SW-LW interaction system, including non-zero vanishing interaction coefficients, together with an artificial viscosity in the continuity equation, an artificial energy balance term, an artificial pressure in the momentum equation and approximate Lagrangian coordinates, which circumvent the possible occurrence of vacuum. We prove the convergence of the solutions of the approximation scheme to a solution of a system consisting of a NLS equation based on the coordinate system induced by the scheme, and a compressible MHD system.