# Graphene-Based Tunable Metasurface for All-angle Perfect Absorption

## TL;DR

This paper presents a graphene-based tunable metasurface that achieves perfect absorption at all incident angles by adjusting graphene's Fermi level, promising versatile applications in smart electromagnetic devices.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel all-angle perfect absorber using a graphene sheet on a high impedance surface with tunable Fermi level for dynamic control.

## Key findings

- Achieves perfect absorption across all angles for TM polarization.
- Tunable from 0.18 eV to 1 eV Fermi level.
- Stable resonant frequency for various incident angles.

## Abstract

Motivated by the idea of smart metasurfaces, we will demonstrate a graphene-based tunable absorber in which perfect absorption can be achieved for all angles of incidence, only by tuning the Fermi level of graphene. We place an unpatterned graphene sheet on a mushroom-type high impedance surface whose resonant frequency is stable for all incident angles. For TM-polarization, perfect absorption can be realized from normal to grazing incidence at the same frequency when modulating the Fermi level of graphene from 0.18 eV to 1 eV.