Superconducting Magnetic Bearings Simulation using an H-formulation Finite Element Model

TL;DR

This paper presents a flexible, fast, and reliable finite element H-formulation model for simulating superconducting magnetic bearings, validated against experiments across 2-D, axisymmetric, and 3-D configurations, aiding various technological applications.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive H-formulation finite element model for SMBs, including calibration procedures, validation methods, and solutions for modeling different geometries and conditions.

Findings

Model accurately predicts SMB behavior in multiple configurations.

Validation confirms the model's effectiveness against experimental data.

The model accelerates development of SMB-based applications.

Abstract

The modeling of superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) is of great significance for predicting and optimizing its levitation performance before construction. Although lots of efforts have been made in this area, it still remains some space for improvements. Thus the goal of this work is to report a flexible, fast and trustworthy H-formulation finite element model. First the methodology for modeling and calibrating both bulk-type and stack-type SMB is summarized. Then its effectiveness for simulating SMBs in 2-D, 2-D axisymmetric and 3-D is evaluated by comparison with measurements. In particular, original solutions to overcome several obstacles are given: clarification of the calibration procedure for stack-type and bulk-type SMBs, details on the experimental protocol to obtain reproducible measurements, validation of the 2-D model for a stack-type SMB modeling the tapes real thickness, implementation of a 2-D axisymmetric SMB model, implementation of a 3-D SMB model, extensive validation of the models by comparison with experimental results for field cooling and zero field cooling, for both vertical and lateral movements. The accuracy of the model being proved, it has now a strong potential for speeding up the development of numerous applications including maglev vehicles, magnetic launchers, flywheel energy storage systems, motor bearings and cosmic microwave background polarimeters.