Orientational alignment in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper investigates how strong light-matter interactions in cavity QED induce orientational alignment of dipoles, demonstrating that high density or low temperature leads to near-perfect alignment, with consistent results across multiple theoretical approaches.

Contribution

It compares Monte Carlo, mean-field, and large deviation methods, showing their agreement in predicting dipole alignment in cavity QED systems.

Findings

Alignment develops with a macroscopically occupied polariton mode

Dipoles approach perfect alignment at high density or low temperature

Different theoretical approaches yield consistent results

Abstract

We consider the orientational alignment of dipoles due to strong matter light coupling, for a non-vanishing density of excitations. We compare various approaches to this problem in the limit of large numbers of emitters, and show that direct Monte Carlo integration, mean-field theory, and large deviation methods match exactly in this limit. All three results show that orientational alignment develops in the presence of a macroscopically occupied polariton mode, and that the dipoles asymptotically approach perfect alignment in the limit of high density or low temperature.