# Multi-spinon and holon excitations probed by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering on doped one-dimensional antiferromagnets

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that oxygen K-edge RIXS can probe complex multi-spinon and holon excitations in doped one-dimensional antiferromagnets, offering detailed insights into fractionalized quasiparticles.

## Contribution

The study provides theoretical predictions for RIXS spectra in doped 1D-AFMs, revealing rich excitations including two- and four-spinon, and dispersive holon features, expanding understanding of fractionalization.

## Key findings

- RIXS spectra contain distinct multi-spinon and holon excitations.
- Predicted RIXS can differentiate between various fractionalized quasiparticles.
- Results show RIXS complements neutron scattering by accessing additional excitations.

## Abstract

Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) at the oxygen $K$-edge has recently accessed multi-spinon excitations in the one-dimensional antiferromagnet (1D-AFM) \sco, where four-spinon excitations are resolved separately from the two-spinon continuum. This technique, therefore, provides new opportunities to study fractionalized quasiparticle excitations in doped 1D-AFMs. To this end, we carried out exact diagonalization studies of the doped $t$-$J$ model and provided predictions for oxygen $K$-edge RIXS experiments on doped 1D-AFMs. We show that the RIXS spectra are rich, containing distinct two- and four-spinon excitations, dispersive (anti)holon excitations, and combinations thereof. Our results highlight how RIXS complements inelastic neutron scattering experiments by accessing additional charge and spin components of fractionalized quasiparticles.