Superradiance Effect of a Black Hole Immersed in an Expanding Universe

TL;DR

This paper investigates the superradiance effect of a charged black hole in an expanding universe, analyzing energy extraction during different cosmic epochs, and finds superradiance occurs in both dust and radiation dominated eras.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of superradiance for a charged black hole in an expanding universe across different epochs.

Findings

Superradiance occurs in both dust and radiation dominated epochs.

Energy can be extracted from the horizon of a neutral McVittie black hole.

The study extends superradiance analysis to cosmological black hole models.

Abstract

We studied the superradiance effect of a charge black hole immersed in an expanding Universe. We considered a test massive charged scalar field scattered off the horizon of the charge McVittie black hole. We carried out a detailed analysis of the electric energy extracted from the horizon of McVittie black hole in two different epochs of the expansion of the Universe, the dust dominated and radiation dominated epochs. We found that we have the superradiance effect in both epochs of the expansion of the Universe. Our study also provides evidence that we have extraction of energy from the horizon of the neutral McVittie black hole.