Analysis of genetic diversity and genome relationships of four eggplant species (Solanum melongena L) using RAPD markers

TL;DR

This study used RAPD markers to analyze genetic diversity among four Indonesian eggplant species, revealing three distinct clusters and close genetic relationships between Tekokak and Kopek.

Contribution

It is the first to compare genetic diversity of these four local Indonesian eggplant species using RAPD markers.

Findings

Identified three genetic clusters among the species.

Found close genetic relationship between Tekokak and Kopek.

Demonstrated RAPD markers' effectiveness in differentiating eggplant species.

Abstract

Solanum melongena (eggplant) is one of the diversity of the Solanum family which is grown and widely spread in Indonesia and widely used by the community. This research explored the genetic diversity of four local Indonesian eggplant species namely leuca, tekokak, gelatik and kopek by using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). The samples were obtained from Agricultural Technology Assessment Institute (BPTP) Bogor, Indonesia. The result of data observation was in the form of Solanum melongena plants DNA profile analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. 30 DNA bands (28 polymorphic and 2 monomorphic) were successfully scored by using four primers (OPF01, OPF02, OPF03 and OPF04). The Primers were used able to amplify all of the four eggplant samples. The result of PCR-RAPD visualization produces bands of 300-1500 bp. The result of cluster analysis showed the existence of three clusters (A, B, and C). Cluster A (coefficient of equal to 49%) consisted of a gelatik, cluster B (coefficient of 65% equilibrium) consisted of TPU (Kopek) and TK (Tekokak), and cluster C (55% equilibrium coefficient) consisted of LC (Leunca). These results indicated that the closest proximity is found in samples of TK (Tekokak) and TPU (Kopek)