A High GOPs/Slice Time Series Classifier for Portable and Embedded Biomedical Applications

TL;DR

This paper introduces a resource-efficient CNN-LSTM based classifier for biomedical time series data, optimized for low-power portable devices, achieving high throughput and accuracy on FPGA hardware.

Contribution

It presents a novel FPGA implementation of a CNN-LSTM classifier that balances throughput with hardware complexity, outperforming existing solutions in biomedical applications.

Findings

Achieves 1.3× higher GOPs/Slice than previous FPGA accelerators.

Low area and power consumption with accurate classification.

Effective feature extraction and real-time classification on embedded devices.

Abstract

Nowadays a diverse range of physiological data can be captured continuously for various applications in particular wellbeing and healthcare. Such data require efficient methods for classification and analysis. Deep learning algorithms have shown remarkable potential regarding such analyses, however, the use of these algorithms on low-power wearable devices is challenged by resource constraints such as area and power consumption. Most of the available on-chip deep learning processors contain complex and dense hardware architectures in order to achieve the highest possible throughput. Such a trend in hardware design may not be efficient in applications where on-node computation is required and the focus is more on the area and power efficiency as in the case of portable and embedded biomedical devices. This paper presents an efficient time-series classifier capable of automatically detecting effective features and classifying the input signals in real-time. In the proposed classifier, throughput is traded off with hardware complexity and cost using resource sharing techniques. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is employed to extract input features and then a Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) architecture with ternary weight precision classifies the input signals according to the extracted features. Hardware implementation on a Xilinx FPGA confirm that the proposed hardware can accurately classify multiple complex biomedical time series data with low area and power consumption and outperform all previously presented state-of-the-art records. Most notably, our classifier reaches 1.3$\times$ higher GOPs/Slice than similar state of the art FPGA-based accelerators.