Single reference atomic based MW interferometry using EIT

TL;DR

This paper proposes a simplified atomic-based microwave interferometry scheme using a single reference field, leveraging Rydberg states and magnetic sublevels to improve sensitivity and practicality over previous methods.

Contribution

The work introduces a novel scheme for MW interferometry with only one reference field, utilizing Rydberg states and magnetic sublevels to enhance sensitivity and reduce complexity.

Findings

The scheme effectively cancels Doppler shifts due to close excitation wavelengths.

It improves amplitude sensitivity compared to previous multi-reference systems.

Theoretical analysis shows potential for practical implementation in specific isotopes.

Abstract

Recently atomic based MW electrometry is experimentally demonstrated and interferometry has been proposed. The proposed interferometry bypasses the conventional, electrical circuit based MW interferometry in much superior fashion. However, this scheme requires three different references for characterizing the unknown MW field. In this work we theoretically study a scheme to develop an atomic based MW interferometry having only one referenced MW field. This scheme involves magnetic sublevels in the Rydberg states and hence will be suitable in even isotope of Yb or alkaline earth element where there is no complicacy due to absence of the hyperfine levels. Further, the wavelengths to excite the Rydberg states, are very close and hence cancels the Doppler shift more effectively which increases the amplitude sensitivity. We characterize this system for the phase and the amplitude of the unknown MW field w.r.t to the known field and compare it to the previously studied systems.