Novel vortex structures in the three-dimensional superconductor under the helical magnetic field from the chiral helimagnet

TL;DR

This study numerically explores novel vortex configurations in three-dimensional superconductors influenced by a helical magnetic field from a chiral helimagnet, revealing tilted vortices dependent on magnetic field chirality.

Contribution

It introduces the first numerical analysis of vortex structures under a helical magnetic field from a chiral helimagnet, highlighting the dependence on magnetic field chirality.

Findings

Tilted vortices form despite no magnetic field component along the helical axis.

Vortex structures vary with the chirality of the magnetic field distribution.

Vortices are perpendicular to the superconductor surface but tilted along the helical axis.

Abstract

We have investigated vortex structures in three-dimensional superconductors under a helical magnetic field from a chiral helimagnet numerically. In order to obtain vortex structures, we solve three-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau equations with the finite element method. The distribution of the helical magnetic field is assumed to be proportional to the distribution of the magnetic moments in the chiral helimagnet. Then, the magnetic field is the same direction in the yz-plane and helical rotation along the helical axis. Under this helical magnetic field, vortices appear to be perpendicular to the surface of the superconductor. But we have found that there are tilted vortices toward the helical axis, although there is no component of the magnetic field along the helical axis. This vortex structure depends on the chirality of the distribution of the helical magnetic field.