Baryon bags in strong coupling QCD

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel decomposition of lattice QCD in the strong coupling limit, separating baryonic from non-baryonic contributions, and describes baryons as free fermions within specific regions called baryon bags.

Contribution

It presents a new framework where baryon contributions are isolated as free fermions in baryon bags, simplifying the analysis of strong coupling lattice QCD.

Findings

Partition function factorizes into baryon bags and a complementary domain.

Baryon bags are regions with free three-quark fermion propagation.

Outside bags, dynamics involve monomers and dimers for quarks and diquarks.

Abstract

We discuss lattice QCD with one flavor of staggered fermions and show that in the path integral the baryon contributions can be fully separated from quark and diquark contributions. The baryonic degrees of freedom are independent of the gauge field and the corresponding free fermion action describes the baryons through the joint propagation of three quarks. The non-baryonic dynamics is described by quark and diquark terms that couple to the gauge field. When evaluating the quark and diquark contributions in the strong coupling limit the partition function completely factorizes into baryon bags and a complementary domain. Baryon bags are regions in space-time where the dynamics is described by a single free fermion made out of three quarks propagating coherently as a baryon. Outside the baryon bags the relevant degrees of freedom are monomers and dimers for quarks and diquarks. The partition sum is a sum over all baryon bag configurations and for each bag a free fermion determinant appears as a weight factor.