Hadron Spectroscopy and Dynamics from Light-Front Holography and Superconformal Algebra

TL;DR

This paper explores how superconformal algebra and light-front holography provide a unified framework for understanding hadron spectroscopy, mass generation, and confinement in QCD, connecting nonperturbative and perturbative regimes.

Contribution

It introduces a superconformal algebra approach combined with light-front holography to unify meson, baryon, and tetraquark spectra and derive hadron properties from a common mass scale.

Findings

Unified Regge trajectories for mesons, baryons, and tetraquarks.

Derived nonperturbative QCD running coupling form.

Predicted hadron masses, form factors, and distribution functions.

Abstract

QCD is not supersymmetrical in the traditional sense -- the QCD Lagrangian is based on quark and gluonic fields, not squarks nor gluinos. However, its hadronic eigensolutions conform to a representation of superconformal algebra, reflecting the underlying conformal symmetry of chiral QCD and its Pauli matrix representation. The eigensolutions of superconformal algebra provide a unified Regge spectroscopy of meson, baryon, and tetraquarks in the same 4-plet representation with a universal Regge slope. The pion $q \bar q$ eigenstate has zero mass for $m_q=0.$ The superconformal relations also can be extended to heavy-light quark mesons and baryons. The combined approach of light-front holography and superconformal algebra also provides insight into the origin of the QCD mass scale and color confinement. A key observation is the remarkable dAFF principle which shows how a mass scale can appear in the Hamiltonian and the equations of motion while retaining the conformal symmetry of the action. When one applies the dAFF procedure to chiral QCD, a mass scale $\kappa$ appears which determines universal Regge slopes, hadron masses in the absence of the Higgs coupling, and the mass parameter underlying the form of the nonperturbative QCD running coupling: $\alpha_s(Q^2) \propto \exp{-{Q^2/4 \kappa^2}}$, in agreement with the effective charge determined from measurements of the Bjorken sum rule. The mass scale $\kappa$ underlying hadron masses can be connected to the parameter $\Lambda_{\overline {MS}}$ in the QCD running coupling by matching its predicted nonperturbative form to the perturbative QCD regime. One also obtains predictions for spacelike and timelike hadronic form factors, structure functions, distribution amplitudes, and transverse momentum distributions.