Electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole coupling in plasmonic nanoparticle arrays

TL;DR

This paper investigates how electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole moments influence collective resonances in plasmonic nanoparticle arrays, revealing their significant enhancement and coupling effects at lattice resonances, which impact reflection properties.

Contribution

It provides a combined semi-analytical and numerical analysis of EQ and MD moments in nanoparticle arrays, highlighting their coupling and impact on optical responses at lattice resonances.

Findings

Weak EQ and MD moments are significantly enhanced at lattice resonances.

Coupling between EQ and MD moments affects their resonant contributions.

Enhanced EQ and MD moments contribute to reflection suppression at resonance.

Abstract

Collective resonances in plasmonic nanoparticle arrays with electric dipole moment oriented along the lattice wave propagation are theoretically investigated. The role of electric quadrupole (EQ) and magnetic dipole (MD) moments of gold nanoparticles in the resonant features of the arrays is analyzed. We perform both semi-analytical calculations of coupled multipole equations and rigorous numerical simulations varying contributions of the electric and magnetic multipoles by changing particle size and shape (spheres and disks). The arrays in homogeneous and non-homogeneous environments are considered. We find that even very weak non-resonant EQ and MD moments of a single particle are significantly enhanced in the periodic lattice at the wavelength of collective (lattice) resonance excitation. Importantly, we show that in the infinite arrays, the EQ and MD moments of nanoparticles are coupled and affect each other resonant contributions. We also demonstrate that at the lattice-resonance wavelength, the enhanced EQ and MD moments have contributions to reflection comparable to the dipole one resulting in a significant decrease of reflection and providing the satisfaction of the generalized Kerker condition for reflection suppression.