Space Elevator Propulsion with Mechanical Waves

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel space elevator propulsion method using mechanical waves transmitted along the cable, offering a potentially more efficient and feasible alternative to laser-based power transmission.

Contribution

It introduces a new propulsion technique using mechanical waves on the cable, overcoming limitations of laser/PV systems for space elevator climbers.

Findings

Mechanical wave transmission can propel a 10-ton climber to geosynchronous orbit.

Existing engines can provide sufficient power for the proposed wave-based propulsion.

The method avoids issues like atmospheric obscuration and low conversion efficiency of laser systems.

Abstract

The current preferred envisioned method for transmitting power to a space elevator climber is a laser/photovoltaic (PV) system. In this, a ground-based laser beam would transmit megawatts of optical power through the atmosphere to an arrangement of PV panels mounted on the ascending climber. Although this technique has been successfully demonstrated in small models, this method will likely suffer from serious shortcomings in a realistic full-scale system, including poor conversion efficiency, obscuration by clouds, and mechanical fragility of the panels. Worse, the PV method provides no means of regenerative energy recovery. Furthermore, the laser would need to operate continuously at multi-megawatt levels for as long as 14 days (the time for the climber to reach geosynchronous altitudes). No such laser has ever been demonstrated. This paper presents a radical alternative method for propelling a space elevator car: by using the cable to transmit power in the form of transverse mechanical waves propagated on the cable. A ground-based mechanical driving oscillator would excite the waves. Traveling at hypersonic speeds, the waves encounter the climber. This mechanical power is then extracted by an engine in the climber to propel the climber upward. The oscillator may be manifested by a pair of opposing pistons contacting the cable on opposite sides of the cable, near the anchor point. Most importantly, existing engines can easily provide the required amount of power to send a 10 metric-ton car from the ground to geosynchronous altitudes.