Analysis of the XRP Ledger Consensus Protocol
Brad Chase, Ethan MacBrough

TL;DR
This paper provides a detailed analysis of the XRP Ledger Consensus Protocol, explaining its algorithm, and establishing conditions for its safety and liveness in a low-latency Byzantine agreement setting.
Contribution
It offers a comprehensive explanation of the protocol and derives formal conditions for its safety and liveness, enhancing understanding of its Byzantine consensus mechanism.
Findings
Protocol is low-latency and Byzantine fault-tolerant
Conditions for safety and liveness are formally derived
Supports consensus without full membership agreement
Abstract
The XRP Ledger Consensus Protocol is a previously developed consensus protocol powering the XRP Ledger. It is a low-latency Byzantine agreement protocol, capable of reaching consensus without full agreement on which nodes are members of the network. We present a detailed explanation of the algorithm and derive conditions for its safety and liveness.
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Taxonomy
TopicsDistributed systems and fault tolerance · Blockchain Technology Applications and Security · Advanced Data Storage Technologies
