General statistics of particles without spin

TL;DR

This paper explores exotic particle statistics beyond traditional Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac types, focusing on ewkons, and discusses their potential relevance to dark energy within quantum field theory.

Contribution

It introduces a new approach to particle statistics using a counting operator in the partition function, analyzing ewkons and their possible role in modeling dark energy.

Findings

Ewkons exhibit negative pressure-energy density relation.

The approach allows describing dark energy with non-interacting particles.

Potential link between exotic statistics and cosmological phenomena.

Abstract

The possibility of obtaining exotic statistics, different from Bose-Einstein or Fermi-Dirac, is analyzed, in the context of quantum field theory, through the inclusion of a counting operator in the definition of the partition function. This operator represents the statistical weight of the allowed number states. In particular, the statistics of ewkons (introduced in Phys. Rev. E 94, 062115, 2016) is analyzed. They have a negative relation between pressure and energy density, a feature shared by dark energy. The present approach develops the possibility of describing dark energy with a field of non-interacting particles with ewkon's statistics.