Surface tension of the horizon

TL;DR

This paper explores the microscopic origin of black hole horizon surface tension, modeling it as a phase interface of gravitons in quantum condensates, linking it to graviton interactions and gravitational displacement.

Contribution

It introduces a quantum picture of the horizon as a graviton condensate interface, explaining surface tension through interaction differences and gravitational displacement principles.

Findings

Surface tension arises from interaction differences of gravitons on either side of the horizon.

The horizon acts as a phase interface in a graviton Bose-Einstein condensate.

Gravitational effects can be described by a principle analogous to Archimedes' buoyancy.

Abstract

The idea of treating the horizon of a black hole as a stretched membrane with surface tension has a long history. In this work, we discuss the microscopic origin of the surface tension of the horizon in quantum pictures of spaces, which are Bose-Einstein condensates of gravitons. The horizon is a phase interface of gravitons, the surface tension of which is found to be a result of the difference in the strength of the interaction between the gravitons on its two sides. The gravitational source, such as a Schwarzschild black hole, creates a transitional zone by changing the energy and distribution of its surrounding gravitons. Archimedes' principle for gravity can be expressed as follows: "the gravity on an object is equal to the weight of the gravitons that it displaces."