Seeded Ising Model and Statistical Natures of Human Iris Templates

TL;DR

This paper introduces the Seeded Ising Model to analyze human iris templates, demonstrating that approximately one-sixth of the template bits suffice to reconstruct the original with high accuracy, revealing an effective statistical degree of freedom.

Contribution

The paper proposes the Seeded Ising Model for iris template analysis and quantifies the effective statistical degrees of freedom, aligning with prior theoretical estimates.

Findings

Approximately 1/6 of iris template bits are sufficient for accurate reconstruction.

Effective statistical degree of freedom of a 2048-bit template is about 342 bits.

The model's degree of freedom estimate matches previous independent calculations.

Abstract

We propose a variant of Ising model, called the Seeded Ising Model, to model probabilistic nature of human iris templates. This model is an Ising model in which the values at certain lattice points are held fixed throughout Ising model evolution. Using this we show how to reconstruct the full iris template from partial information, and we show that about 1/6 of the given template is needed to recover almost all information content of the original one in the sense that the resulting Hamming distance is well within the range to assert correctly the identity of the subject. This leads us to propose the concept of effective statistical degree of freedom of iris templates and show it is about 1/6 of the total number of bits. In particular, for a template of $2048$ bits, its effective statistical degree of freedom is about $342$ bits, which coincides very well with the degree of freedom computed by the completely different method proposed by Daugman.