Experimental tests of the chiral anomaly magnetoresistance in the Dirac-Weyl semimetals Na$_3$Bi and GdPtBi

TL;DR

This study provides experimental evidence for the intrinsic chiral anomaly magnetoresistance in Dirac-Weyl semimetals Na$_3$Bi and GdPtBi by implementing a litmus test to distinguish it from current jetting effects, strengthening the case for the anomaly's observable effects.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel litmus test to differentiate intrinsic chiral anomaly signals from current jetting artifacts in magnetoresistance measurements of Dirac-Weyl semimetals.

Findings

Intrinsic resistivity decreases by a factor of 10.9 at 10 T in Na$_3$Bi.

Both spine and edge resistance decrease, indicating subdominant jetting effects.

Results support the intrinsic origin of the observed chiral anomaly magnetoresistance.

Abstract

In the Dirac/Weyl semimetal, the chiral anomaly appears as an "axial" current arising from charge-pumping between the lowest (chiral) Landau levels of the Weyl nodes, when an electric field is applied parallel to a magnetic field $\bf B$. Evidence for the chiral anomaly was obtained from the longitudinal magnetoresistance (LMR) in Na$_3$Bi and GdPtBi. However, current jetting effects (focussing of the current density $\bf J$) have raised general concerns about LMR experiments. Here we implement a litmus test that allows the intrinsic LMR in Na$_3$Bi and GdPtBi to be sharply distinguished from pure current jetting effects (in pure Bi). Current jetting enhances $J$ along the mid-ridge (spine) of the sample while decreasing it at the edge. We measure the distortion by comparing the local voltage drop at the spine (expressed as the resistance $R_{spine}$) with that at the edge ($R_{edge}$). In Bi, $R_{spine}$ sharply increases with $B$ but $R_{edge}$ decreases (jetting effects are dominant). However, in Na$_3$Bi and GdPtBi, both $R_{spine}$ and $R_{edge}$ decrease (jetting effects are subdominant). A numerical simulation allows the jetting distortions to be removed entirely. We find that the intrinsic longitudinal resistivity $\rho_{xx}(B)$ in Na$_3$Bi decreases by a factor of 10.9 between $B$ = 0 and 10 T. A second litmus test is obtained from the parametric plot of the planar angular magnetoresistance. These results strenghthen considerably the evidence for the intrinsic nature of the chiral-anomaly induced LMR. We briefly discuss how the squeeze test may be extended to test ZrTe$_5$.