Trapping Light in Plain Sight: Embedded Photonic Eigenstates in Zero-Index Metamaterials

TL;DR

This paper explores how zero-index metamaterials can support embedded eigenstates to trap and enhance light in open structures, enabling extreme electromagnetic responses for various applications.

Contribution

It introduces a general platform for realizing embedded eigenstates in open structures using zero-index metamaterials, advancing the control of light confinement.

Findings

High field enhancements achievable in open structures

Embedded eigenstates can be realized with a simple design recipe

Potential applications in nano-optics and radio-waves

Abstract

Confining electromagnetic energy is crucial to enhance light-matter interactions, with important implications for science and technology. Here, we discuss the opportunities offered by trapping and confining light in open structures, based on the concept of embedded eigenstates within the radiation continuum enabled by zero-index metamaterials. Building upon the physical insights offered by our analysis, we put forward a general platform that allows realizing extremely high field enhancements in open structures under external illumination. Structures supporting embedded eigenstates represent a rare example of physical systems in which extreme - in principle unbounded - responses can be tamed. Our proposed design recipe to realize bound states in the continuum also offers a simple model that allows testing important questions that surround the concept of embedded eigenstates, such as their effect on the local density of photonic states. Our findings help clarifying which nano-optical and radio-wave applications may benefit from this unusual and singular response.