Full- & Reduced-Order State-Space Modeling of Wind Turbine Systems with Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generator

TL;DR

This paper develops detailed physical and reduced-order state-space models for wind turbine systems with permanent magnet synchronous generators, including control strategies and validation through simulations.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive derivation of a physical model considering all significant dynamics and introduces structured reduction techniques for simplified models, addressing gaps in existing control-oriented WECS models.

Findings

Models accurately capture dynamic effects including power electronics switching.

Reduced-order models are validated and show good agreement with detailed models.

Control system effectively manages wind regimes and transitions.

Abstract

Wind energy is an integral part of nowadays energy supply and one of the fastest growing sources of electricity in the world today. Accurate models for wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) are of key interest for the analysis and control design of present and future energy systems. Existing control-oriented WECSs models are subject to unstructured simplifications, which have not been discussed in literature so far. Thus, this technical note presents are thorough derivation of a physical state-space model for permanent magnet synchronous generator WECSs. The physical model considers all dynamic effects that significantly influence the system's power output, including the switching of the power electronics. Alternatively, the model is formulated in the $(a,b,c)$- and $(d,q)$-reference frame. Secondly, a complete control and operation management system for the wind regimes II and III and the transition between the regimes is presented. The control takes practical effects such as input saturation and integral windup into account. Thirdly, by a structured model reduction procedure, two state-space models of WECS with reduced complexity are derived: a non-switching model and a non-switching reduced-order model. The validity of the models is illustrated and compared through a numerical simulation study.