Schwarzschild Fuzzball and Explicitly Unitary Hawking Radiations

TL;DR

This paper proposes a fuzzball model for Schwarzschild black holes where matter oscillates around the center in quantized modes, leading to an explicit, unitary derivation of Hawking radiation with exponentially increasing mode count.

Contribution

It introduces a new fuzzball framework with explicit modes for Schwarzschild black holes, enabling a unitary derivation of Hawking radiation.

Findings

Number of modes increases exponentially with horizon area

Hawking radiation derived explicitly and unitarily

Fuzzball picture provides a quantum-mechanical description of black holes

Abstract

We provide a fuzzball picture for Schwarzshild black holes, in which matters and energy consisting the hole are not positioned on the central point exclusively but oscillate around there in a serial of eigen-modes, each of which features a special level of binding degrees and are quantum mechanically possible to be measured outside the horizon. By listing these modes explicitly for holes as large as $6M_\mathrm{pl}$, we find that their number increases exponentially with the area. Basing on this picture, we present a simple but explicitly unitary derivation of hawking radiations.