Real single-loop cyclic three-level configuration of chiral molecules

TL;DR

This paper proposes a practical method to realize a true single-loop three-level configuration in chiral molecules, enabling experimental enantio-separation even when molecular rotation effects are considered.

Contribution

The authors introduce a scheme to construct a genuine single-loop $ riangle$-type configuration in chiral molecules, overcoming previous limitations caused by molecular rotation effects.

Findings

The scheme allows experimental realization of single-loop configurations.

It enables enantio-separation methods to work with rotational effects.

The approach simplifies previous complex multi-loop configurations.

Abstract

Single-loop cyclic three-level ($\Delta$-type) configuration of chiral molecules was used for enantio-separation in many theoretical works. Considering the effect of molecular rotation, this simple single-loop configuration is generally replaced by a complicated multiple-loop configuration containing multiple degenerate magnetic sub-levels and the ability of the enantio-separation methods is suppressed. For chiral asymmetric top molecules, we propose a scheme to construct a real single-loop $\Delta$-type configuration with no connections to other states by applying three microwave fields with appropriate polarization vectors and frequencies. With our scheme, the previous theoretical proposals for enantio-separation based on single-loop $\Delta$-type configurations can be experimentally realized when the molecular rotation is considered.