Dual terahertz comb spectroscopy with a single free-running fibre laser

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates dual terahertz comb spectroscopy using a single free-running fibre laser, achieving high spectral resolution and stability while reducing system size, complexity, and cost.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method to generate dual THz combs in a single laser cavity with passive stability, eliminating the need for dual stabilized lasers.

Findings

Achieved passively stable frequency difference within millihertz.

Maintained spectral bandwidth and dynamic range comparable to dual stabilized systems.

Successfully applied to high-precision spectroscopy of acetonitrile gas.

Abstract

Dual THz comb spectroscopy has the potential to be used as universal THz spectroscopy with high spectral resolution, high spectral accuracy, and broad spectral coverage; however, the requirement for dual stabilized femtosecond lasers hampers its versatility due to the bulky size, high complexity, and high cost. We here report the first demonstration of dual THz comb spectroscopy using a single free-running fibre laser. By tuning the cavity-loss-dependent gain profile with an intracavity Lyot filter together with precise management of the cavity length and dispersion, dual-wavelength pulsed light beams with slightly detuned repetition frequencies are generated in a single laser cavity. Due to sharing of the same cavity, such pulsed light beams suffer from common-mode fluctuation of the repetition frequency, and hence the corresponding frequency difference between them is passively stable around a few hundred hertz within millihertz fluctuation. This considerably stable frequency difference enables dual THz comb spectroscopy with a single free-running fibre laser. While greatly reducing the size, complexity, and cost of the laser source by use of a single free-running fibre laser, the dual THz comb spectroscopy system maintains a spectral bandwidth and dynamic range of spectral power comparable to a system equipped with dual stabilized fibre lasers, and can be effectively applied to high-precision spectroscopy of acetonitrile gas at atmospheric pressure. The demonstrated results indicate that this system is an attractive solution for practical applications of not only THz spectroscopy but also THz-pulse-based measurements.