Invariant Virtual Solitary Manifold of the Perturbed Sine-Gordon Equation

TL;DR

This paper constructs an invariant virtual solitary manifold for the perturbed sine-Gordon equation, extending previous iterative schemes to establish a stable, parameterized manifold that solutions follow under perturbations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method to construct an invariant virtual solitary manifold as a limit of iterative approximations, advancing the stability analysis of solitons under perturbations.

Findings

Constructed an invariant virtual solitary manifold for the perturbed sine-Gordon equation.

Proved solutions with initial data on this manifold follow specific trajectories.

Extended the iterative scheme approach to establish stability and invariance.

Abstract

We study the perturbed sine-Gordon equation $\theta_{tt}-\theta_{xx}+\sin \theta= F(\varepsilon,x)$, where we assume that the perturbation $F$ is analytic in $\varepsilon$ and that its derivatives with respect to $\varepsilon$ satisfy certain bounds at $\varepsilon=0$. We construct implicitly an, adjusted to the perturbation $F$, virtual solitary manifold, which is invariant in the following sense: The initial value problem for the perturbed sine-Gordon equation with an appropriate initial state on the constructed manifold has a unique solution, which follows a trajectory on the virtual solitary manifold. The trajectory is precisely described by two parameters, which satisfy a specific system of ODEs. The approach is based on the work of Mashkin (arXiv:1705.05713), where we constructed by an iteration scheme a virtual solitary manifold for the perturbed sine-Gordon equation. In arXiv:1705.05713 we proved a stability result for the perturbed sine-Gordon equation with initial data close to the virtual solitary manifold. The employed iteration scheme produces a sequence of virtual solitary manifolds such that the accuracy of the corresponding stability statements increases after each iteration step, as long as the perturbation $F$ is sufficiently often differentiable. The invariant virtual solitary manifold constructed in this work is generated as a limit of the virtual solitary manifolds produced by the iteration scheme. The method and the kind of result presented in this paper is to our knowledge a novelty in the field of stability of solitons.