Energy-constrained two-way assisted private and quantum capacities of quantum channels

TL;DR

This paper develops a comprehensive theory for energy-constrained, LOCC-assisted private and quantum capacities of quantum channels, providing bounds and optimizing conditions for secure quantum communication under energy limitations.

Contribution

It introduces a general framework for energy-constrained capacities, proves the squashed entanglement bounds, and extends results to multipartite and broadcast quantum channels.

Findings

Energy-constrained squashed entanglement bounds private capacities.

Thermal states maximize certain entanglement measures for phase-insensitive channels.

Multipartite squashed entanglement equality and capacity bounds for broadcast channels.

Abstract

With the rapid growth of quantum technologies, knowing the fundamental characteristics of quantum systems and protocols is essential for their effective implementation. A particular communication setting that has received increased focus is related to quantum key distribution and distributed quantum computation. In this setting, a quantum channel connects a sender to a receiver, and their goal is to distill either a secret key or entanglement, along with the help of arbitrary local operations and classical communication (LOCC). In this work, we establish a general theory of energy-constrained, LOCC-assisted private and quantum capacities of quantum channels, which are the maximum rates at which an LOCC-assisted quantum channel can reliably establish secret key or entanglement, respectively, subject to an energy constraint on the channel input states. We prove that the energy-constrained squashed entanglement of a channel is an upper bound on these capacities. We also explicitly prove that a thermal state maximizes a relaxation of the squashed entanglement of all phase-insensitive, single-mode input bosonic Gaussian channels, generalizing results from prior work. After doing so, we prove that a variation of the method introduced in [Goodenough et al., New J. Phys. 18, 063005 (2016)] leads to improved upper bounds on the energy-constrained secret-key-agreement capacity of a bosonic thermal channel. We then consider a multipartite setting and prove that two known multipartite generalizations of the squashed entanglement are in fact equal. We finally show that the energy-constrained, multipartite squashed entanglement plays a role in bounding the energy-constrained LOCC-assisted private and quantum capacity regions of quantum broadcast channels.