An accurate spectral method for Maxwell equations in Cole-Cole dispersive media

TL;DR

This paper introduces a highly accurate spectral method combining spatial spectral-Galerkin and temporal spectral-collocation techniques to solve Maxwell equations in Cole-Cole dispersive media, effectively handling the singularities caused by Mittag-Lefler functions.

Contribution

It develops a novel spectral-Galerkin and multi-step spectral-collocation approach for Maxwell equations in dispersive media, efficiently managing singularities and improving accuracy.

Findings

Method achieves high accuracy in numerical simulations.

Spectral scheme converges and is computationally efficient.

Effectively handles weakly singular kernels involving Mittag-Lefler functions.

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an accurate numerical means built upon a spectral-Galerkin method in spatial discretization and an enriched multi-step spectral-collocation approach in temporal direction, for Maxwell equations in Cole-Cole dispersive media in two-dimensional setting. Our starting point is to derive a new model involving only one unknown field from the original model with three unknown fields: electric, magnetic fields and the induced electric polarisation (described by a global temporal convolution of the electric field). This results in a second-order integral-differential equation with a weakly singular integral kernel expressed by the Mittag-Lefler (ML) function. The most interesting but challenging issue resides in how to efficiently deal with the singularity in time induced by the ML function which is an infinite series of singular power functions with different nature. With this in mind, we introduce a spectral-Galerkin method using Fourier-like basis functions for spatial discretization, leading to a sequence of decoupled temporal integral-differential equations (IDE) with the same weakly singular kernel involving the ML function as the original two-dimensional problem. With a careful study of the regularity of IDE, we incorporate several leading singular terms into the numerical scheme and approximate much regular part of the solution. Then we solve to IDE by a multi-step well-conditioned collocation scheme together with mapping technique to increase the accuracy and enhance the resolution. We show such an enriched collocation method is convergent and accurate. % analysis of the scheme is carried out.