On the Hamilton-Waterloo Problem with cycle lengths of distinct parities

TL;DR

This paper advances the understanding of the Hamilton-Waterloo problem by establishing new conditions under which a 2-factorization exists when cycle lengths have different parities, especially for large v and specific divisibility conditions.

Contribution

It proves that the necessary conditions for the Hamilton-Waterloo problem are sufficient when the cycle lengths satisfy certain divisibility and size constraints, particularly when one divides the other and v is sufficiently large.

Findings

Necessary conditions are sufficient under specified divisibility and size constraints.

Established sufficiency for cases where $M|N$, $v>6N>36M$, and $eta extgreater=3$.

Progress in the less-understood case of cycles with different parities.

Abstract

Let $K_v^*$ denote the complete graph $K_v$ if $v$ is odd and $K_v-I$, the complete graph with the edges of a 1-factor removed, if $v$ is even. Given non-negative integers $v, M, N, \alpha, \beta$, the Hamilton-Waterloo problem asks for a $2$-factorization of $K^*_v$ into $\alpha$ $C_M$-factors and $\beta$ $C_N$-factors. Clearly, $M,N\geq 3$, $M\mid v$, $N\mid v$ and $\alpha+\beta = \lfloor\frac{v-1}{2}\rfloor$ are necessary conditions. Very little is known on the case where $M$ and $N$ have different parities. In this paper, we make some progress on this case by showing, among other things, that the above necessary conditions are sufficient whenever $M|N$, $v>6N>36M$, and $\beta\geq 3$.