Spectroscopic and photometric confirmation of chromospheric activity in four stars

TL;DR

This study confirms chromospheric activity in four cool giant or sub-giant stars through spectroscopic emission features and photometric cyclic variations, suggesting stellar activity and possible binarity.

Contribution

It provides the first combined spectroscopic and long-term photometric analysis of these four stars, revealing chromospheric activity, rotation modulation, and potential binarity.

Findings

All stars show Ca ii H&K emission features indicating chromospheric activity.

Detected long-term cyclic brightness variations in two stars.

Possible binarity inferred from unstable radial velocities in three stars.

Abstract

We present analysis of medium resolution optical spectra and long term V band photometry of four cool stars, BD+13 5000, BD+11 3024, TYC 3557-919-1 and TYC 5163-1764-1. Our spectroscopic analysis reveals that the stars are giant or sub-giant from K0 or K1 spectral type, and all of them exhibit emission features in their Ca ii H& K lines. These features appear to be modulated with the rotation of the stars. Except BD+11 3024, we observe that the radial velocities of the target stars are not stable, which suggests that each of them might be a member of a binary system. Global analysis of photometric data indicates clear cyclic variation for BD+13 5000 and TYC 5163-1764-1 with a period of 8.0$\pm$0.3 and 5.04$\pm$0.04 year, respectively. Besides that, we observe a dramatic increase ($\sim$0\fm7) in the mean brightness of BD+11 3024, accompanied with a 2.87$\pm$0.12 cyclic variation, embedded into the global brightening trend, which indicates possible multiple cycles on this star.