Magnetic braids in eruptions of a spiral structure in the solar atmosphere

TL;DR

This study uses high-resolution imaging and spectral data to analyze magnetic braiding in a solar eruption, revealing how twisted magnetic flux tubes and associated jets contribute to solar eruptions and coronal mass supply.

Contribution

It provides detailed observational evidence linking magnetic braiding, twisted flux tubes, and eruptions, advancing understanding of solar eruption mechanisms.

Findings

Magnetic braiding is evidenced by localized bright knots and multiple jet threads.

Eruptive structures are associated with twisted magnetic flux tubes with high curl and twist.

Jets can pump significant mass into the solar corona, influencing its dynamics.

Abstract

We report on high-resolution imaging and spectral observations of eruptions of a spiral structure in the transition region, which were taken with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrometer (IRIS), the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). The eruption coincided with the appearance of two series of jets, with velocities comparable to the Alfv\'en speeds in their footpoints. Several pieces of evidence of magnetic braiding in the eruption are revealed, including localized bright knots, multiple well-separated jet threads, transition region explosive events and the fact that all these three are falling into the same locations within the eruptive structures. Through analysis of the extrapolated three-dimensional magnetic field in the region, we found that the eruptive spiral structure corresponded well to locations of twisted magnetic flux tubes with varying curl values along their lengths. The eruption occurred where strong parallel currents, high squashing factors, and large twist numbers were obtained. The electron number density of the eruptive structure is found to be $\sim3\times10^{12}$ cm$^{-3}$, indicating that significant amount of mass could be pumped into the corona by the jets. Following the eruption, the extrapolations revealed a set of seemingly relaxed loops, which were visible in the AIA 94 \AA\ channel indicating temperatures of around 6.3 MK. With these observations, we suggest that magnetic braiding could be part of the mechanisms explaining the formation of solar eruption and the mass and energy supplement to the corona.