Many-body stabilization of a resonant p-wave Fermi gas in one dimension

TL;DR

This paper investigates how finite interaction range and hard-wall confinement stabilize a one-dimensional p-wave Fermi gas near resonance, revealing conditions for stability and potential for p-wave superfluidity.

Contribution

It introduces a stabilization mechanism for 1D p-wave Fermi gases near resonance considering finite range effects and boundary conditions, using the asymptotic Bethe Ansatz.

Findings

Stability near resonance due to finite range and boundary effects.

Existence of quasi-particle condensation at p-wave resonance.

Linear correction to stability condition away from resonance.

Abstract

Using the asymptotic Bethe Ansatz, we study the stabilization problem of the one-dimensional spin-polarized Fermi gas confined in a hard-wall potential with tunable p-wave scattering length and finite effective range. We find that the interplay of two factors, i.e., the finite interaction range and the hard-wall potential, will stabilize the system near resonance. The stabilization occurs even in the positive scattering length side, where the system undergoes a many-body collapse if any of the factors is absent. At p-wave resonance, the fermion system is found to feature the "quasi-particle condensation" for any value of effective range, which is stabilized if the range is above twice the mean particle distance. Slightly away from resonance, the correction to the stability condition linearly depends on the inverse scattering length. Finally, a global picture is presented for the energetics and stability properties of fermions from weakly attractive to deep bound state regime. Our results raise the possibility for achieving stable p-wave superfluidity in quasi-1D atomic systems, and meanwhile, shed light on the intriguing s- and p-wave physics in 1D that violate the Bose-Fermi duality.