A group commutator involving the last distance matrix and dual distance matrix of a $Q$-polynomial distance-regular graph

TL;DR

This paper studies a specific group commutator involving the last distance and dual distance matrices of a Hamming graph, showing it is diagonalizable, computing its eigenvalues, and describing its action on irreducible modules.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of the group commutator involving the last distance and dual distance matrices of a Q-polynomial distance-regular graph, including eigenvalues and module actions.

Findings

The commutator is diagonalizable.

Eigenvalues and eigenspaces are explicitly computed.

Action on irreducible modules is characterized.

Abstract

Let $\Gamma$ denote the Hamming graph $H(D,r)$ with $r \geq 3$. Consider the distance matrices $\{A_i\}_{i=0}^{D}$ of $\Gamma$. Fix a vertex $x$ of $\Gamma$, and consider the dual distance matrices $\{A_i^{*}\}_{i=0}^{D}$ of $\Gamma$ with respect to $x$. We investigate the group commutator $A_{D}^{-1}A_{D}^{*-1}A_{D}A_{D}^{*}$. We show that this matrix is diagonalizable. We compute its eigenvalues and their eigenspaces. Let $T$ denote the subconstituent algebra of $\Gamma$ with respect to $x$. We describe the action of $A_{D}^{-1}A_{D}^{*-1}A_{D}A_{D}^{*}$ on each irreducible $T$-module.