Optical Follow-up of Planck Cluster Candidates with Small Instruments

TL;DR

This study demonstrates that small, non-professional telescopes can effectively identify optical counterparts of Planck SZ cluster candidates, confirming a galaxy cluster at moderate redshift with estimated mass.

Contribution

It shows that modest-sized telescopes can successfully perform optical follow-up of SZ cluster candidates, supporting their role in large-scale cluster confirmation efforts.

Findings

Identified a galaxy cluster associated with a Planck SZ candidate.

Estimated the cluster's redshift at approximately 0.3.

Inferred a cluster mass of about 4.4 x 10^{14} solar masses.

Abstract

We report on the search for optical counterparts of Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) cluster candidates using a 0.6 meter non-professional telescope. Among the observed sources, an unconfirmed candidate, PSZ2 G156.24+22.32, is found to be associated with a region of more than 100 galaxies within a 3 arcminutes radius around the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich maximum signal coordinates. Using 14 hours of cumulated exposure over the Sloan color filters g', r', i', and, z', we estimate the photometric redshift of these galaxies at zphot=0.29 +- 0.08. Using the red-sequence galaxy method gives a photometric redshift of 0.30 +0.03 -0.05. Combined with the Planck SZ proxy mass function, this would favor a cluster of 4.4 x 10^{14} solar masses. This result suggests that a dedicated pool of observatories equipped with such instruments could collectively contribute to optical follow-up programs of massive cluster candidates at moderate redshifts.