The Three-Dimensionality of Momentum as a Property of Photons

TL;DR

This paper proposes that the three-dimensional momentum of photons is an intrinsic property derived from their spin characteristics, offering new insights into photon behavior and electromagnetic wave properties.

Contribution

It introduces a novel relation between photon momentum direction and spin plane, suggesting three-dimensionality as an inherent photon property based on spin assumptions.

Findings

Photon momentum direction relates to the spin plane.

The three-dimensionality of photon momentum is an intrinsic property.

Provides new understanding of spin state changes under space rotation.

Abstract

In the theory of modern physics, such as in relativity and quantum mechanics, the three-dimensionality of space is introduced as a presupposed fact. The three-dimensionality of particle motion, that is, the three-dimensionality of particle momentum, is a result of this fact. In this paper, I make two assumptions on the spin properties of photons, and then deduce a relation between the direction of photon momentum and the spin plane to which the photon spin state belongs. Based on this relation, the three-dimensionality of photon momentum is taken as the photon's own property. Moreover, this relation allows us to better understand some of the well-known theoretical results, such as the change rules of the spin states of spin-1 particles under space rotation as well as the relation between the momentum direction of the classical electromagnetic wave and the directions of the electric and magnetic fields.