MUSE spectroscopy and deep observations of a unique compact JWST target, lensing cluster CLIO

TL;DR

This study uses multi-wavelength observations and spectroscopy to analyze the compact lensing cluster CLIO at z=0.42, revealing its mass, galaxy composition, and lensing potential, and preparing it for future JWST observations.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed physical and lensing analysis of the understudied, high-mass, high-concentration cluster CLIO, including mass measurement and initial lensing modeling.

Findings

Mass of CLIO is (4.49 ± 0.25) × 10^{14} M_⊙.

Identified 89 cluster members and background sources up to z=6.49.

Low intracluster light fraction of 7.21 ± 1.53%.

Abstract

We present the results of a VLT MUSE/FORS2 and Spitzer survey of a unique compact lensing cluster CLIO at z = 0.42, discovered through the GAMA survey using spectroscopic redshifts. Compact and massive clusters such as this are understudied, but provide a unique prospective on dark matter distributions and for finding background lensed high-z galaxies. The CLIO cluster was identified for follow up observations due to its almost unique combination of high mass and dark matter halo concentration, as well as having observed lensing arcs from ground based images. Using dual band optical and infra-red imaging from FORS2 and Spitzer, in combination with MUSE optical spectroscopy we identify 89 cluster members and find background sources out to z = 6.49. We describe the physical state of this cluster, finding a strong correlation between environment and galaxy spectral type. Under the assumption of a NFW profile, we measure the total mass of CLIO to be M$_{200} = (4.49 \pm 0.25) \times 10^{14}$ M$_\odot$. We build and present an initial strong-lensing model for this cluster, and measure a relatively low intracluster light (ICL) fraction of 7.21 $\pm$ 1.53% through galaxy profile fitting. Due to its strong potential for lensing background galaxies and its low ICL, the CLIO cluster will be a target for our 110 hour JWST 'Webb Medium-Deep Field' (WMDF) GTO program.