FNS: an event-driven spiking neural network simulator based on the LIFL neuron model

TL;DR

This paper introduces FNS, an event-driven spiking neural network simulator based on the LIFL neuron model, enabling efficient large-scale brain simulations with realistic features and multi-scale connectivity.

Contribution

FNS is the first framework combining LIFL neuron models with event-driven simulation, supporting heterogeneous modules, delayed connections, plasticity, and parallelization.

Findings

Good match between simulated activity and MEG data

Supports multi-scale, heterogeneous brain modeling

Efficient simulation of large-scale SNNs

Abstract

Limitations in processing capabilities and memory of today's computers make spiking neuron-based (human) whole-brain simulations inevitably characterized by a compromise between bio-plausibility and computational cost. It translates into brain models composed of a reduced number of neurons and a simplified neuron's mathematical model, leading to the search for new simulation strategies. Taking advantage of the sparse character of brain-like computation, the event-driven technique could represent a way to carry out efficient simulation of large-scale Spiking Neural Networks (SNN). The recent Leaky Integrate-and-Fire with Latency (LIFL) spiking neuron model is event-driven compatible and exhibits some realistic neuronal features, opening new avenues for brain modelling. In this paper we introduce FNS, the first LIFL-based spiking neural network framework, which combines spiking/synaptic neural modelling with the event-driven approach, allowing us to define heterogeneous neuron modules and multi-scale connectivity with delayed connections and plastic synapses. In order to allow multi-thread implementations a novel parallelization strategy is also introduced. This paper presents mathematical models, software implementation and simulation routines on which FNS is based. Finally, a brain subnetwork is modeled on the basis of real brain structural data, and the resulting simulated activity is compared with associated brain functional (source-space MEG) data, demonstrating a good matching between the activity of the model and that of the experimetal data. This work aims to lay the groundwork for future event-driven based personalised brain models.