On the Mediating Field in a Conformally Transformed Einstein Equation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel scalar-tensor theory constraint involving a mediating field that links scalar and tensor degrees of freedom, revealing insights into the cosmological constant and vacuum energy density.

Contribution

It defines a unique constraint with a mediating field in scalar-tensor theories, connecting quantum uncertainty, vacuum energy, and cosmological constant variations.

Findings

The mediating field acts as a bridge between scalar and tensor modes.

The cosmological constant varies from cosmological to electron scales by 77 orders.

The mediating field is characterized as a feature of vacuum energy density.

Abstract

A unique constraint is defined within the framework of scalar-tensor theories, whereby the conformal factor is fixed to the fluctuation associated to the effective mass of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for a Klein-Gordon field. The effective mass is extended to its exponential form to remove any ghost (energy) states. The constraint's Lagrange multiplier $\lambda$, referred to as the mediating field, is shown to act as a mediator between the scalar and tensor degrees of freedom. In its linear form, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle appears as a natural artifact of the mediating field. In its exponential form, the mediating field is shown to be bound, nonsingular, and of increasing significance for smaller masses. Furthermore, in acquiring the stress-energy tensors, the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is formulated for a stationary solution of the particle density and mediating field. As a result, the mysterious variation in $\Lambda$ is properly evaluated from its cosmological value to that of an electron, from which a 77 order difference is obtained. In our final remarks, the mediating field $\lambda$ is suggested to be characteristic of the vacuum's energy density.