Unveiling the inner morphology and gas kinematics of NGC 5135 with ALMA

TL;DR

This study uses ALMA data to analyze the gas morphology and kinematics of NGC 5135, revealing detailed inner galaxy dynamics, including inflows, outflows, and potential super-bubble expansion.

Contribution

It provides a detailed 3D kinematic model of NGC 5135's inner regions using ALMA data and the 3D BAROLO software, highlighting features not explained by simple models.

Findings

Reconstructed a 3D tilted-ring model of the galaxy disk.

Identified complex velocity components at the inner bar edge.

Suggested super-bubble expansion as a cause for non-axisymmetric features.

Abstract

The local Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC5135, thanks to its almost face-on appearance, a bulge overdensity of stars, the presence of a large-scale bar, an AGN and a Supernova Remnant, is an excellent target to investigate the dynamics of inflows, outflows, star formation and AGN feedback. Here we present a reconstruction of the gas morphology and kinematics in the inner regions of this galaxy, based on the analysis of Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) archival data. To our purpose, we combine the available $\sim$100 pc resolution ALMA 1.3 and 0.45 mm observations of dust continuum emission, the spectroscopic maps of two transitions of the CO molecule (tracer of molecular mass in star forming and nuclear regions), and of the CS molecule (tracer of the dense star forming regions) with the outcome of the SED decomposition. By applying the $^{\rm 3D}$BAROLO software (3D-Based Analysis of Rotating Object via Line Observations), we have been able to fit the galaxy rotation curves reconstructing a 3D tilted-ring model of the disk. Most of the observed emitting features are described by our kinematic model. We also attempt an interpretation for the emission in few regions that the axisymmetric model fails to reproduce. The most relevant of these is a region at the northern edge of the inner bar, where multiple velocity components overlap, as a possible consequence of the expansion of a super-bubble.