Multi-color, femtosecond $\gamma$-ray pulse trains driven by comb-like electron beams

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel method to generate femtosecond gamma-ray pulse trains using multi-color laser-driven plasma accelerators, producing synchronized, energy-controlled gamma-ray bursts with high photon counts.

Contribution

It introduces a new approach employing bi-color laser pulses in plasma accelerators to produce comb-like electron beams and gamma-ray pulse trains with controllable energy spacing.

Findings

Generation of GeV-scale electron bunch trains with high brightness.

Production of gamma-ray pulses between 2.5 and 25 MeV with over a million photons each.

Achieved femtosecond synchronization and energy control of gamma-ray pulses.

Abstract

Photon engineering can be exploited to control the nonlinear evolution of the drive pulse in a laser-plasma accelerator (LPA), offering new avenues to tailor electron beam phase space on a femtosecond time scale. One promising option is to drive an LPA with an incoherent stack of two sub-Joule, multi-TW pulses of different colors. Slow self-compression of the bi-color optical driver delays electron dephasing, boosting electron beam energy without accumulation of a massive low-energy tail. The modest energy of the stack affords kHz-scale repetition rate at manageable laser average power. Propagating the stack in a preformed plasma channel induces periodic self-focusing in the trailing pulse, causing oscillations in the size of accelerating bucket. The resulting periodic injection generates, over a mm-scale distance, a train of GeV-scale electron bunches with 5D brightness exceeding $10^{17}$ A/m$^2$. This unconventional comb-like beam, with femtosecond synchronization and controllable energy spacing of components, emits, via Thomson scattering, a train of highly collimated gigawatt $\gamma$-ray pulses. Each pulse, corresponding to a distinct energy band between 2.5 and 25 MeV, contains over $10^6$ photons.