Influence of gallium content on Ga3+ position and photo- and thermally stimulated luminescence in Ce3+ - doped multicomponent (Y,Lu,)3GaxAl5-xO12 garnets

TL;DR

This study investigates how varying gallium content affects the luminescence properties and defect structures in Ce3+-doped multicomponent garnets, revealing linear and nonlinear relationships between Ga content, trap depths, and activation energies.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the distribution of Ga3+ ions, their influence on luminescence and trap energies, and proposes a model linking Ga3+ perturbed sites to electron trapping mechanisms in these garnets.

Findings

Ga3+ ions in tetrahedral sites decrease linearly with Ga content.

Trap depths and TSL peak positions decrease linearly with Ga content.

Activation energy for TSL creation shows nonlinear dependence on Ga content.

Abstract

Photoluminescence, thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) and EPR characteristics of the Ce3+ doped single crystals of multicomponent Y1Lu2GaxAl5-xO12 and Lu3GaxAl5-xO12 garnets with different Ga contents (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) excited in the Ce3+ - related absorption bands are investigated in the 9 - 500 K temperature range. The distribution of Ga3+ and Al3+ ions in the crystal lattice is determined by the NMR method. The relative number of Ga3+ ions in the tetrahedral crystal lattice sites, the maxima positions of the TSL glow curve peaks and the corresponding trap depths are found to decrease linearly with the increasing Ga content. At the same time, the reduction of the activation energy Ea of the TSL glow curve peaks creation under irradiation in the 4f - 4d1 absorption band of Ce3+ is strongly nonlinear. To explain this effect, the suggestion is made that Ea is the energy distance between the excited 5d1 level of Ce3+ and a defect level located between the 5d1 level and the bottom of the conduction band and arising from the Ga3+ ion perturbed by the nearest neighboring Ce3+ ion. The electrons thermally released from the excited Ce3+ ions are suggested to be trapped at the perturbed Ga3+ ions resulting in the appearance of electron Ga2+ centers. In spite of the fact that the paramagnetic Ga2+ ions were not detected by EPR, the described above process was found for Fe3+ impurity ions, namely the electron transfer from the 5d1 excited levels of Ce3+ to Fe3+ was directly detected by EPR.